【Mac】Terminalでファイルの文字コード（エンコード）を確認する方法

Macで、Terminalでファイルの文字コード（エンコード）を確認する方法です。

Teminalを起動させ、以下のコマンドを入力。

file -I {ファイル名}

または、

file --mime {ファイル名}

■出力例
charsetの内容で判断します。

# UTF-8の場合
test.txt: text/plain; charset=utf-8

# Shift-JISの場合
test.txt: text/plain; charset=unknown-8bit

# EUCの場合
test.txt: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1

※ Shift-JISや、EUCの場合は、UTFと違い、そのまま表示されないので注意が必要です。

以下は、ヘルプの出力。

$ file --help

Usage: file [OPTION...] [FILE...]
Determine type of FILEs.

      --help                 display this help and exit
  -v, --version              output version information and exit
  -m, --magic-file LIST      use LIST as a colon-separated list of magic
                               number files
  -M LIST                    use LIST as a colon-separated list of magic
                               number files in place of default
 LIST                    use LIST as a colon-separated list of magic
                               number files in place of default
  -z, --uncompress           try to look inside compressed files
  -Z, --uncompress-noreport  only print the contents of compressed files
  -b, --brief                do not prepend filenames to output lines
  -c, --checking-printout    print the parsed form of the magic file, use in
                               conjunction with -m to debug a new magic file
                               before installing it
  -d                         use default magic file
                         use default magic file
  -e, --exclude TEST         exclude TEST from the list of test to be
                               performed for file. Valid tests are:
                               apptype, ascii, cdf, compress, csv, elf,
                               encoding, soft, tar, json, text,
                               tokens
      --exclude-quiet TEST         like exclude, but ignore unknown tests
  -f, --files-from FILE      read the filenames to be examined from FILE
  -F, --separator STRING     use string as separator instead of `:'
  -i                         do not further classify regular files
                         do not further classify regular files
  -I, --mime                 output MIME type strings (--mime-type and
                               --mime-encoding)
      --extension            output a slash-separated list of extensions
      --mime-type            output the MIME type
      --mime-encoding        output the MIME encoding
  -k, --keep-going           don't stop at the first match
  -l, --list                 list magic strength
  -L, --dereference          follow symlinks
  -h, --no-dereference       don't follow symlinks (default)
  -n, --no-buffer            do not buffer output
  -N, --no-pad               do not pad output
  -0, --print0               terminate filenames with ASCII NUL
  -p, --preserve-date        preserve access times on files
  -P, --parameter            set file engine parameter limits
                                   bytes 1048576 max bytes to look inside file
                               elf_notes     256 max ELF notes processed
                               elf_phnum    2048 max ELF prog sections processed
                               elf_shnum   32768 max ELF sections processed
                                encoding   65536 max bytes to scan for encoding
                                   indir      50 recursion limit for indirection
                                    name      60 use limit for name/use magic
                                   regex    8192 length limit for REGEX searches
  -r, --raw                  don't translate unprintable chars to \ooo
  -s, --special-files        treat special (block/char devices) files as
                             ordinary ones
  -S, --no-sandbox           disable system call sandboxing
  -C, --compile              compile file specified by -m
  -D, --debug                print debugging messages